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abstract.avalanche_photodiode

avalanche_photodiode(
    *,
    responsivity: Annotated[float, exclusiveMinimum=0, units='A/W'] = 0.55,
    gain: Annotated[float, units='V/A'] = 1.0,
    multiplication: photonforge.Interpolator
    | Annotated[float, exclusiveMinimum=0] = 1.0,
    bias: Annotated[float, minimum=0, units='V'] = 0.0,
    ionization_ratio: Annotated[float, maximum=1, minimum=0] = 0.0,
    gain_bandwidth_product: Annotated[float, minimum=0, units='Hz'] = 0.0,
    intrinsic_bandwidth: Annotated[float, minimum=0, units='Hz'] = 0.0,
    dark_current: Annotated[float, minimum=0, units='A'] = 0.0,
    bulk_dark_current: Annotated[float, minimum=0, units='A'] = 0.0,
    thermal_noise: Annotated[float, minimum=0, units='A²/Hz'] = 0.0,
    saturation_current: Annotated[float, minimum=0, units='A'] = 0.0,
    roll_off: Annotated[float, exclusiveMinimum=0] = 2.0,
    reflection: complex = 0.0,
    z0: Annotated[complex, units='Ω'] | None = None,
    seed: int | None = None,
) -> photonforge.Component

Abstract avalanche photodiode.

Based on AvalanchePhotodiodeTimeStepper.

Args

  • responsivity: Primary responsivity at unity gain.
  • gain: Transimpedance gain.
  • multiplication: Mean multiplication MM. A number, or an Interpolator of MM against reverse bias evaluated at bias.
  • bias: Reverse bias magnitude. Only used when multiplication is an interpolator.
  • ionization_ratio: kk for the excess noise factor.
  • gain_bandwidth_product: If positive, set the avalanche bandwidth limit.
  • intrinsic_bandwidth: If positive, transit and RC limited bandwidth.
  • dark_current: Surface dark current, not multiplied, in A.
  • bulk_dark_current: Bulk dark current at unity gain, multiplied along with the signal.
  • thermal_noise: One-sided thermal noise density of the front end.
  • saturation_current: Space-charge saturation current. Zero disables saturation. Applied to the multiplied current.
  • roll_off: Sharpness of the saturation knee.
  • reflection: Field reflection coefficient for light incident on the optical port.
  • z0: Reference impedance of the electrical port.
  • seed: Seed for the noise generator.

Returns

Two-port component, optical in and electrical out.